Surrogate Obligations in Civil Liability of Harmful Action with Comparative Study in the Jurisprudence and French law

In civil liability, although today is talking about the collective responsibilities, But as a rule, the rule of Vezr (personal responsibility), prevents of exposure the liability to other. According to some jurists, sometimes the obligations arising from the contract will extend to surrogate. Whereas with studying jurisprudential texts, this doubt is posed whether all obligations are transferred the promisor due to the surrogate obligation? And civil liability can also be extended to the surrogate or confined in the realm of rule of Vezr, that through a comparative study, it will be analyzed.