A Comparative Study on Physical Vulnerability of Urban Area against Natural Hazards: Importance of Health Promoting Ap proach in Civil Engineering

Estimation of urban vulnerability to earthquakes can be consid­ered as an Ill-structured problem in urban in both unplanned and planned ar­eas. Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) provides a way to integrate different spatial data layers in a geographic information system to create composite maps repre­senting risk. We utilized MCE in a raster Geographic Information System (GIS) to evaluate risk in vulnerable tissues of Tabriz, Iran zone. In this MCE physical risk factors and sub-factors were included and were weighted by experts. Afterward data entered to GIS and then the layers of the criteria were exported. The obtained results were entered to IDRISI and fuzzified. Ultimately the final map of physical vulnerability was outputted by overlaying order. Vulnerable tissues are highly consistent to non-official areas. How­ever, the planned area which is called Valiasr is in low risky condition and this condition is desirable in crisis times. Here, we observe the preference of physi­cal pre-planning operations. The links between urban planning and health are many and var­ied. Environmental, social and economic conditions in cities can have both positive and negative influences on human health and centre. Urban planning and related professions play an important role in shaping those conditions.