Studyinf the Beliefs and Elements of Folk Literature in Souvashoun Novel by Simin Daneshvar

Human beliefs are important because they are considered as the primary capitals of folk literature. The significance of folk literature is due to the fact that it is the foundation of refined and cultured literature. The sociopolitical novel “Souvashoun”، which placed its author Simin Daneshvar with other great Iranian novelists due to its fame، is a combination of literary scholarship، collectivism and pluralism; proof of beliefs and elements in the folk literature mentioned in this work is not a shortcoming، rather it is a piece of evidence showing eloquence and rhetoric. Contemplating this work of literature، the present article come up with the pieces of evidence showing the manifestation of beliefs and folk literature elements، as well as such folk beliefs as totem، taboo، fetishism، animism، manna، noma and superstition، which are primarily described and defined. Then several instances of such beliefs are extracted from the text. Specifications and functions of the folk literature are noted، and the narrative literature’s status as well as Souvashoun and its position are explained. It is also proved that Souvashoun، apart from its pluralism، is free from many unpleasantnesses of its contemporary prose like immeasurable vulgarity، fanaticism and senseless modernisms.