The use of principles of climate desing knowledge in urban spaces designing with emphasis on the thermal comfort -Design realization and results of the soheil project

Science of climatic design is defined as a set of theoretical principles and practical methods of management, that receive its knowledge in order to provide a suitable living environment leading to healthy life based on sustainable development of the coherence relationship between the concepts of climatology, architecture and urban design. are proposed for providing aesthetic elements as the main criteria for the development of a cities along with making profound effects on the use of sustainable energy with thermal comfort and reducing energy costs. So, the metropolitan such as Tehran is evident in this case, The metropolitan which in addition to loss of preparation in providing thermal comfort conditions in the space activities no consistent pattern, standard and desirability are observed for the development of its space, except in special cases. As a result, applying climate issues and principles of climatic design could be used as an important factor considered in the context of solving the above problems. In this case using the Micro-climate simulation models action is necessary for a better understanding and detailed calculations of the way of operation and influence of climatic elements in the design of urban spaces, in order to achieve a consistent and stable pattern by providing thermal comfort conditions. Because, using these models help significantly in estimation of the performance of designed space in order to take the benefit of affective climatic elements influencing thermal comfort. According to what was stated, the presented study focused on assessment ability and rulesof climatic design knowledge in creating a Good Life Center, using three-dimensional microclimate model ENVI_met®. Also, observation of the ability of climatic design principles in creating a real space of the city based on providing thermal comfort conditions was another aspect of this research. In this study, for designing site based on climatic design principles, first atmospheric data on the required variables were collected from Mehrabad Airport Weather Station and analysed in Autodesk Ecotect- Analysis software. Thereafter, output data from Autodesk Ecotect software were merged by techniques of library and studies that finally led to the design of the site. In the final stage, the pattern designed in the Envi-met model (version 4) was simulated. Results of this research article showed that how following climatic design science principles in creation of urban space helps in creating environment based on thermal comfort availability. For example, in evaluating of massing site, deviation of main façade of masses at 40 degrees eastern and 45 degrees western from southward because of Flexibility to use simultaneous from radiation energy and predominant wind flows in company with the use of vegetation in the great green roofs and brick on sidewalk surface covering and applying networks of gullies leaded to designed space having able to create thermal comfort for all seasons. So that, site simulation results in the microclimate model ENVI_met ®showed that temperature and relative humidity of designed space in the warmest month (July) were 24.60 οC and 50%, respectively in comparison with maximum average temperature 37οC and relative humidity 20% and in the coldest month (October) because of fruition of solar energy in noonday, effective temperature level in designed space reach up to 15 οC while maximum average temperature of environment is 9 οC. Thus it can be argued biosphere designed on the basis of principles of climate designing science will be a good bio-climatic. The complex that is agreeable with natural environment and human. Improvement of thermal comfort conditions in urban areas, especially open spaces is the main aim of each bioclimatic design. Thus, the sufficient knowledge about the most important tools of science of climate designing is very important. Results of designing from a real urban project with area of 9207 square meter based on the principles of science of climate designing and simulation in the three-dimensional microclimate model ENVI_met® showed that designing and building a mass-based investment analysis chart (S.R.W.R) is the result of combination of both solar radiation and wind rose region. As one of the tools of science of climate designing, it oriented the urban spatial structure in a forms that sidewalk networks during days of July located in direct sunlight in company with breeze specially, in peak hours of daily temperature and in winter while receiving direct radiation of sunlight at noon increases effective temperature up to 15 degrees Celsius at sidewalk networks. Also use and suggestion of cold traditional flooring techniques in sidewalk networks such as brick in contrast with modern floorings such as asphalt and widespread use of vegetation in green roof patterns and networks of gullies that are supplement to double the effects of designing in securing the thermal comfort conditions in context of site and could be as general principles of rules the knowledge in designing of urban spaces in areas with dry and warm summers, Principles that their applying in designing fabric site created space that average of maximum air temperature of 37 degrees Celsius decreased to 24.60 degrees Celsius in July. In general, there is a claim that use of the knowledge in designing of urban spaces provide stable coherent and pattern in the fabric of urban space and different patterns of fabric and fabric of cities in compare to each others, in addition to supplying thermal comfort conditions.