Different Kinds of Metaphor From the Perspective of Abdulqahir al-Jurjani And Later Rhetoricians

Metaphor is like an imaginary act which unifies two existences in the poet's conscious mind and merges the qualities which are required for creating a poem and weaving imageries. Metaphor has long been studied by the literary critics and Muslim rhetoricians many of whom have had Iranian origin. These Iranian scientists, who had first learned Arabic language, later became prominent Muslim rhetoricians and managed to reach the unprecedented peaks in literary studies. One of these figures is Abdulqāhir al-Jurjānī (d. 471 AH). This article aims to discuss about one of the finest and most artistic kind of metaphors which has received the most controversial rhetorical studies, i.e. the metaphor of Makniyeh and Takhliiyeh from the perspective of Abdulqāhir al-Jurjānī and later famous rhetoricians: Zamakhshari, Khatīb Ghazvīvnī and Taftāzānī.