The Role of Shi a Iranian Agents in Civil Changes in Kashmir (735 - 1288)

Gradual immigration of Iranian to India, their early penetration to court of local rulers and achieving political power from mid-eighth century led to constancy of their presence to thirteenth century in Kashmir (Brief History). However, the influence of Shi’a Iranian agents in civil changes of Kashmir has not been examined so far (Problem). Therefore, this period of time has not been scientifically studied so far (Background), which has raised numerous questions. The current paper tries to answer the main question of present paper: What were the role and consequences of presence of Iranian agents in Kashmir changes from mid-eighth century to the thirteenth century? (Question) From the first view it seemed Shi’a Iranian immigrants have played a vital role in stability of political system of local governments, progress of cultural and social conditions in Kashmir or development of Iranian culture and civilization in India (Hypothesis). Presenting an actual image of the influence of active presence of Iranian in Kashmir in two parts, crisis management and stability of social and political systems, is the purposes of the present paper (Goal). The paper has applied a descriptive – analytical approach in achieving its goals (Methodology). The result of this study shows civilization could not have been achieved in Kashmir without Iranian roots in civilization and language (Result).