Molecular assessment of genetic diversity among bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) doubled haploid lines using SSR markers

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a member of the Poaceae family، an annual and self-pollinated crop which has three groups of 14، 28 and 42 chromosomes with genome formula AA، AABB، AABBDD that the chromosomes are located in three homeologous genomes A، B and D. Wheat has an extremely large genome of 16 × 109 base pairs with more than 80% repetitive DNA and an average of 810 mega base pairs in each chromosome with 10 µm length. Wheat is the most important crop in universe and in Iran، known as strategic and basic commodities. This crop plays an important role in both aspects of production and consumption with a lot of genotypes that requires efficient and accurate means of identifying their relationships and determining their genetic diversity levels. Present study aims to determine the genetic diversity and genetic distances of 91 doubled haploid lines of wheat and their parents using SSR markers and assess the ability of microsatellite markers for detecting polymorphisms based on the variants among their germplasm. Results showed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 and the allelic value of polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0. 12 for Xgwm46 to 0. 87 for Xgwm186 with an average of 0. 5. A total of 39 alleles were detected. Diversity and genetic relationships of the samples were analyzed using Nei and Li and UPGMA statistical methods and the studied lines were classified into three common groups.