Study of the Identity of the Unknown Kaiser in the Second War of Shapur I Against Romans

The aim of this article is studying the second war of a set of three wars of Shapur I against Romans Empire by virtue of the text of the inscription Kaabe-ie Zartosht. In this article by study and analysis of different presented ideas about the year of the occurrence of second war of Shapur I against Romans and also Roman emperor who fought with him whose name has not been mentioned in inscription، the events of the period of the reign of Shapur I and his second war against Romans about the years 252 till 256 A. D have been discussed and studied. In fulfilled researches، the researchers take into consideration the domination of Sassanians during these years on Armenia and Syria، were simultaneous with the Period of the Roman emperor Trebonian Gallus. But in this research by study of the extant testimonies، the main agent of defense before the attacks of Sassanians to Syria is introduces not emperor Gallus but a rebellious Syrian and claimant of the reign in the name of Uranius Antoninus. So it seems that Uranius Antoninus had been the only present Kaiser in the area of Syria simultaneous with the attacks of Shapur I.