25-hydroxy Vitamin D serum level in pregnant women with 8-12 gestational weeks in Semnan city and its association with Fasting Blood Sugar and Body Mass Index

Vitamin D has significant and multilateral effects on pregnancy. Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy leads to different maternal and fetal complications. This study was performed with aim to determine the prevalence of serum vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women with 8-12 gestational weeks and its relation with Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Semnan city. This cross sectional study was performed on 180 pregnant women referred to Semnan Amiralmomenin hospital in 2014. After recording the demographic information (age, parity, gravidity, BMI), serum level of FBS and 25-OH vitamin D was measured. FBS> 92mg/dl was considered abnormal. Serum vitamin D < 32 ng/ml was considered as vitamin D deficiency and < 10ng/ml as severe deficiency of vitamin D. Analysis of data was performed by SPSS software (version 16), and T-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and Kolmogorov-Smirnov. In this study, mean serum levels of vitamin D was 25.88± 18.0 ng/ml. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 128 women (71.1%), so that, 30 cases (16.7%) had severe deficiency. FBS was abnormal in 21 (11.7%) that among them, 10 (47.6%) had severe deficiency of vitamin D. BMI was 25kg/m² in 99 (55%). Although no significant relation was found between serum vitamin D level and BMI, but a significant direct correlation was seen between serum vitamin D level and FBS (P=0.02, r=0.17). Regarding to high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Semnan pregnant women, and considering the effects of vitamin D on maternal and fetal health, adequate management for this deficiency in this period should be conceded as a necessity.