Effect of salicylic acid hormone on violet (Viola cornuta) ornamental and phytochemical attributes under phosphorus Nano-fertilizer

Violet has many application in landscaping and herbal medicine. Salicylic acid hormone and phosphorus Nano-fertilizer compounds are considered as effective in regulating physiological processes and plant secondary metabolites. Therefore, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 2 agent salicylic acid and fertilizer phosphorus Nano-fertilizer in 3 replications. Spraying with different levels of 0, 0.1, 0.7, 1.5 mM hormone salicylic acid and phosphorus Nano-fertilizer at levels of 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 g/l in three stages on violets was applied. Morphological parameters were including diameter and number of flowers, flower spikes shoot length, fresh weight and dry matter percentage violet flower. Phytochemical and biochemical parameters including photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) and antioxidant capacity & anthocyanins with spectrophotometry and quercetin & rutin values were determined by HPLC. The results indicate that salicylic acid and phosphorus Nano impact on most morphological and phytochemical at 1 and 5 percent. Both treatments increased the levels of morphological characteristics and pigments. High levels of salicylic acid and lower phosphorus Nano improved secondary metabolites. So to achieve maximum plant biomass and optimizatied secondary methabolites, application of different concentrations of the hormone and phosphorus Nano to increase the characteristics value of medicinal and ornamental, is required.