Criminal Responsibility Arising from Prescription of Using Banned Drugs (Doping) in Sports Based on Iranian and Imamiah Jurisprudence

Nowadays, the use of banned performance-enhancing drugs (doping) in sport has been increased by athletes. As for drastic physical and spiritual damages, coaches are obliged to make the athletes aware of side effects and other improper consequences. According to anti-doping rules, if coaches and sporty physicians evade from their duty by an illegal prescription and cause physical damage to athletes they will be considered criminally responsible with regard to mental elements (Knowledge and Ignorance) and the common rules of criminal law (perpetration and causation), and there is no legal vacuum about this case. But if these illegal prescriptions by coaches or sports physician result prestige threat or destruction of reputation, there will be no rule for that. However, from the point of the view of the Imamiah jurisprudence, this act is forbidden because of destructive effects on athletes’ reputation and it is punishable by the judge. According to the Islamic laws and bases of criminology in cases such as the illegal prescription of using banned drugs (doping), it seems that it is up to lawmakers to criminalize such acts.