Protective Effect of Carvacrol on Renal Functional and Histopathological Changes in Gentamicin-Induced-Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Nephrotoxicity is one of the most important side effects of the use of gentamicin sulphate (GS) resulted in reactive oxygen species generation. Antioxidant compounds played effective roles in reduction of renal injuries caused by using of gentamicin. Carvacrol is a strong antioxidant compound.
The aim of this study is to explore the effect of carvacrol inhibition in lesions of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
In this experimental study, 32 male mature Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups of 8; group1: control, group 2 sham received daily carvacrol injection (74 mg/kg) for 12 days, group 3 received daily GS injection (100 mg/kg) for 12 days, group 4 received daily GS (100 mg/kg) and carvacrol (74 mg/kg) for 12 days. After 12 days, rats were anaesthetized, blood sample were obtained and kidneys were removed then stained with hematoxylin and eosin method and then were studied histophatologically. Serum creatinine and urea were measured.
Flow treatment of nephrotoxic animals with carvacrol could significantly inhibit leukocyte infiltration (9.42%) and tubular necrosis (38.18%) in comparison with the nephrotoxic untreated group. Carvacrol significantly decreased the levels of urea and creatinine in treated group compared with the nephrotoxic untreated group.
The findings showed that carvacrol alleviates loss of leukocyte infiltration (9.42%) and tubular necrosis and exerts beneficial effects on kidney function test in nephrotoxic group.