Optimized Culture Medium for In Vitro Growth of Grapevine Inflorescence

In vitro inflorescence development and fruit production can provide a valuable tool for researchers investigating the precise physiological stages of these processes.In this study, inflorescences clusters from Bidaneh Sefid and Seedless grapes were cut off the young shoots growing on canes at spring. Half strength MS medium was used for in vitro cultivation of flowers. After cultivation of each individual inflorescence branches, they continued to development until berry ripening of fruits grown from these explants in vitro. The experiments were set as a factorial using completely randomized design with gibberellin in two levels; (0 and 2.89 μM), benzylaminopurin in three levels; (0, 2.5 and 4 μM) and auxin (indole butyric acid) in three levels; of (0, 2.5 and 4.9 μM) with three replicates for each treatment. Hormone type and concentration were impressive in successful growth of cultivated inflorescences. The cultivated inflorescences started growing, the flowers opened and eventually set fruits in media with 4.9 μM auxin and 4 μM cytokinin treatments. Auxin and cytokinin showed important roles as key hormones involved in flowers opening and fruit set in grapes, while gibberellin was non-significant. Bidaneh Sefid as a Seedless cultivar showed long term survival in vitro and more stable, during growth period of explants compared to Seedless in acclimation to in vitro conditions. Control with no hormone treatment caused browning of flowers on the inflorescences in the medium and in some cases elucidation of browning in blooming flowers and stopped growth and eventually the flowers died.