A Conflict of Religious Values in the Discourses of Imam al-Husayn v. Yazid

The early Islamic history witnessed formation of three sub-discourses in the realm of social life. They were framed within the frameworks of Divine vicegerency "wilayah", caliphate and kingdom, where all of them tried to get as close to the Islamic center for obtaining the public mentality and acceptance. To achieve this aim, they had to redefine the major Islamic values according to their own favorite central frameworks. Hence, in certain cases the place of inviting people to accomplish the good was transposed with that of prohibiting people from committing the abominable. Since the framework developed and introduced by the Prophet Muhammad was based on the Divine vicegerency "wilayah", such a framework was not accepted by some people, while others accepted it with alacrity, an experience that led to caliphate and kingdom. To study it in full, the discourses of Imam al-Husayn, based on the Divine vicegerency "wilayah" are contrasted with the kingdom-based discourses of Yazid.