The Golden Proportion and System of Islamic- Iranian proportions in Qaen Mosque

Qaen Friday mosque besides the other Friday mosques represents the grandeur and glory of Iranian architecture in the Islamic period that in addition to being a religious and social center, is of great importance in terms of architectural features. The building of this mosque is considered as a one-iwan. The iwan of this building is built in 1368 AD /770 AH by J. ibn Qaren and the naves, arcades, entrances and water-reservoirs were attached during the regin of the Safavid Soleymon king. The mosque architects considered principles in architectural form and space planning in terms of the nature of architecture that are derived from geometrical shapes and proportions between them. Therefore we intended with the approach of analyzing geometric proportions in the building to answer this question that how the applied proportions system used in Qaen masque have benefitted from the Islamic– Iranian proportions in the architectural elements? This research is based on analytical method and the data is collected by observation from field and library sources both. Reverse engineering on architecture, plan, section and elevation of the Qaen mosque was geometrically analyzed in an attempt to answer the research question and the results indicated that the building is constructed with regard to the system of Islamic- Iranian proportions which are based on irrational numbers and geometric properties of square and double square. And also the use of golden proportion can be observed in elements such as iwan and the main entrance and positioning of the north-west entrance that were used to achieve the visual balance.