The Effects of Recreation on Forest Bird Communities in Three Zones of Fandoglo Forest: Intensive Recreation, Conservation and Extensive Recreation

With increasing of human populations using forest areas for recreation is increasing, which have impact on birds. Information about the impact of recreation on wildlife within national parks and reserves can be useful for the management of natural areas. This study delineated the effects of recreation activities on birds in the Fandoghlo forest. Indices of species diversity, density and participation birds with environment variables using spot sampling and ordination method was studied, then birds and environment variables to the radial distance of 25 m from each of the 90 sampling points were analyzed. To determine the density of birds and participation birds with environment, variables in three different treatments of the forest, spot sampling and increasing analysis methods were utilized. Data analysis showed in recreation areas the pedestrian density affect diversity of birds.