The Theological Dispute on the Contingency and Eternity of the Word of God as a Prelude to the Language of the Quran

The language of the Quran is among the most controversial issues that has not gone unnoticed by the experts in this field during the many Islamic centuries. A precise look at this issue and its historical evolution may reveal that Muslim scholars have had varied views on it and their views have been influenced by the dominant and exclusive discourse of each period. In the second century, some serious debates were provoked on the temporality of the Quran among various sects of Muslims and every group sought to prove their own ideas by providing intra-school proofs and reasons. The idea of the temporality of the Quran and the theological disputes which were considered a state charter, especially during the rule of Mamun the Abbasid, were not the only political weapon utilized against the opponents of this theory, but a careful look at these developments may reveal that this issue was a prelude to the views on the language of the Quran and the interpretative commentaries of the interpreters of each branch of Muslims. In this paper, we seek to deal with the evidence of this issue relying on the views of theologians and commentators of Mutazilites, Asharites and other Muslim sects.