Theoretical Aspects of Justice in the Precept of Prophet of Islam

The present article is an attempt to study theoretical aspects of justice in the precept of the holy Prophet of Islam, by focusing on practical and objective results. In the first place, the necessity and significance of political justice has been explained in three parts. In the next step, the nature, levels and foundation of justice in the viewpoint of the holy Prophet are discussed. For purpose of this study, equality is considered as the foundation of justice in human societies. Finally, the main indexes of justice and signs of justice are elaborated.
In this paper, political justice in the viewpoint of the holy Prophet has two foundations, three levels, a starting point and one main index. The foundations of justice are reason; levels of justice are the universal system of being, society and human beings. The starting point of justice is the power center at any level of political system and naturally the higher levels are more important. Human beings, on the basis of their four important characteristics and their generalization at the level of political system, which is in charge of realization of justice, achieve two results pertaining to method of justice and objective of justice. These two results prepare the grounds for the society to get close to justice. These two results are lack of extremism and welfare and relief which are congruent with the ultimate objective of justice, i.e., happiness and felicity of human beings in the world and the hereafter.