Identification of frigida and vernalization insensitive3 genes related to vernalization pathway of flowering in sugar beet

In sugar beet fields, shoot elongation in the first year called "Bolting"causes reduction of the root yield and white sugar yield. Identification of genetic control of flowering can be useful in development of bolting-resistant cultivars in sugar beet. A similar molecular mechanism for flowering control has been found in the most plants". In this study, sugar beet nucleotide sequences were searched in the Genbank database against protein sequences of FRIGIDA and VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 in Arabidopsis by tblastn software. Primers were designed from two similar founded records and used in PCR reactions. Two leaf samples were prepared from the field plants before and after vernalization. cDNA synthesized from extracted RNA of the samples and used as template in PCR reactions. cDNA fragments 896 bp and 1000 bp of VIN3 and FRI genes respectively were obtained from sequencing procedure and for the first time, these sequences were recorded in the Genbank database. FRIGIDA-like protein causes late flowering by increasing RNA levels of FLC gene.VIN3 protein containing a PHDfinger domain that acts as binding modules of methylated histone H3 in FLC gene and repressed expression of FLC gene in during vernalization.