The changes of agronomic traits and harvest index of wheat under the effect of manure and plant growth promotion bacteria at different levels of nitrogen

In order to investigate the effect of manure, urea fertilizers and inculcation with Azotobacter chrooccum on yield and yield components of wheat Zagros cultivar, this experiment was conducted based on split-split plots with three replications in Ilam and in 2014-15. The experimental treatments including cow manure at two levels (non application and application 20 kilogram per meter square) as main plots, four levels of urea fertilizer (zero, 33, 66 and 100 percent of recommended urea chemical fertilizer) as sub-plots and Azotobacter chrooccum fertilizer at two levels (without inculcation and inculcation with Azotobacter) were assigned as sub-sub plots. The experiments results indicated that application of manure, urea fertilizer and Azotobacter chrooccum had a significant effect on yield, yield components and wheat biological yield. Manure triple interaction in urea fertilizer in Azotobacter chrooccum was significant on number of spike in square meter, number of grain in spike, one-thousand grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index at one and five percent probability levels, so that the highest number of spike per square meter (363 spikes), grain yield (4133/3 kilogram per hectare) and biological yield (8708.3 kilogram per hectare) in manure using treatment, using 60 percent recommended urea fertilizer and inculcation with Azotobacter and the lowest spike number in square meter (228.3 spikes), grain yield (2500.3 kilogram per hectare) and biological yield (5711 kilogram per hectare) were obtained in application, non-application of manure treatment, non-application of urea fertilizer and non-inoculation with Azotobacter. Thus, by using manure and 66 percent recommended urea fertilizer and also in addition to Azotobacter it can be possible to save the application of the fertilizer and to achieve the desirable yield in wheat.