Foundations of Rural Social Fact: Towards a Self-Sufficient and Indigenous Sociology

Iranian rural sociology literature, shows local social action is mainly based on political economic pillars of the system of power, wealth and means of production. In other words, in this discourse, rural life is clarified in categories of "government", "Earth", "Water" and "forms of exploitation. Although the explanatory value of these categories is in contrast to self-sufficiency sociology assumption, that means, "the analysis of the social with the other social fact", but let's see what the issues related to "the social" and what level of explanation to bear. The purpose of this paper is to show the importance of “public places” in the social reproduction of life in local communities. Article by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the sociology of Durkheim and emphasis on post Durkheim sociological literature, introduces a form of sociological analysis called "self-sufficient and indigenous sociology" and escape from Durkheim reductionism. Self-sufficient Sociology, presents the new definition of "the social" and "right field" of sociology, a way to enter the categories of time, space, nature and the economy and juges about relationship between “Locality” and “community”. In this view, the confluence of mindness (beliefs and culture) and morphological structures and rural social location, are considered as foundations of creation and perpetuation of social action. This type of sociology, instead of stopping on the concepts of wealth, power and climate, focuses on the concept of " “public places" as regulative elements of social action . Communities, places of worship, ritual, normative and exchange, are foundations of rural social action.