Study of Effective Factors on the Lifestyle in Iran Rural Areas (Case Study: Rural Areas of Khaf and Roshtkhar Counties)

INTRODUCTION Today, villages with the notion of changes by particular social, cultural and economic factors. Sum of these factors influence on the living style of residences in these areas, and at the end, they make a new life style. According to the given information, the main purpose of this research is to investigate the impacts of social, cultural, and economic factors on the resident’s life style in rural areas in Iran.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The topic of life style is considered by many sociologists in the recent decades. Ibn-Khaldun presents two views of rural and urbanization on the basis of life style and in general, he believes that the major reason of the difference between them is geographical environment and life style. “We must know that different costumes and life styles of nations is due to the difference in their economic”. Veblen believes in distinction and imitation. According to him, the first-class people reach to a normal power through demonstrating consumption and make themselves as a society pattern. The subordinate social groups try to set themselves with the first-class patterns. In Weber’s opinion, different types of fashions are derived from different life styles by which they are accepted or rejected. Each life style has its own rules including fashion. “Rules are called fashion when freshness of the mentioned behavior is on the basis of action. In Bourdieu’s theory, life style which is including classified practices and individual classifier in the fields such as day and night time division, type of sport and entertainments, communication method, furniture, speech and walking rules, are identified by the individuals’ preferences. On the basis of Bourdieu’s theory, villages and cities are different in life style. In Giddens’s opinion life style becomes routine actions, those which are seen in clothe, food, job, a favorite place to meet others. Every decision that a person makes (what to wear, to eat, how to work, whom to meet), helps them to determine and set the routines. Cheney believes that annalists not only should consider dieting, leisure time or gender norms, but they need to know cultural meaning of different kinds of a change. Life styles also are kinds of social life that change during the time.
METHODOLOGY The present paper is a correlate-descriptive study. The researcher has used documentary and measurement methods and the questionnaire for the data collection. A statistical society there are three villages named Baghcheh and Hezarkhosheh (in Khaf) and Janatabad (in Roshtkhar). The data from Statistic Centre of Iran in census 2011 shows that these three villages have had total population of 3304. Viewing a statistical society, sample bulk of the present study is on the basis of findings has concluded from Cochran sampling formula equal to 150 individuals and then by sharing method, has divided among the mentioned villages.
DISCUSSION Considering the speed of social, cultural and economic changes, the present study has attempted to recognize the impact of social, cultural and economic factors on people’s life style whose. According to the theories exist in rural sociology literature, the events followed by this change is shown in different forms such as social, cultural and economic factors. Thus, these factors effect on people’s life style that live in these areas and the relation between them is significant.
CONCLUSION The results of study for the case of effective factors on people’s life style whose villages are totally the same as previous researchers’ results, for example, Taherkhani (2008), Pourafkari, Kalantari and Naghdi (2002), Nouriyan Shadabad (2004), Jamshidi (2005), Saraee and colleagues (2007), Rahmani Fazli and colleagues (2008), Pouhamrang (2008), Navabakhsh and Fathi (2010), NezamZade Ezhieh (2011), Firouznia and colleagues (2011), Haghighatian (2012), Shayan, Mardi and Taherkhani (2004), Rastegar (2005), Fazeli (2008), Mohammadpour and Rezaei (2009), Chouli Mahmoud Abadi (2011), GhasemiPakrou (2012), and Wilson(2014). However, the results are not similar to the researchers’ result such as Rahmani and Sohrabi (2011), Chavoshian (2002), Karimi and Colleagues (2012). In sum, considering the present theoretical literature and data analysis, it can be concluded that technology has brought up major changes for modern human beings in their life, feelings, thoughts, living style, and culture. Increasing media consumption in the form of newspapers, television, internet, satellite, book, video and etc, are inseparable part of daily life. Media activities, radio and also spreading of the roads which cause relation with other areas to develop are one of the primary changes in the pattern and communications of rural areas have changed to a city. TV and radio keep advertising messages regarding urban culture and informing urban life style for the new cities. Asphalted high ways along with the spreading of applying private and local vehicles in these areas, give people more opportunity to communicate face to face with around cities. Rural areas where have changed to urban in Iran, are in the period of socio-cultural changes that experience a progressing movement of traditional life style towards modern one due to having modern world technology and also suitable communication facilities. This change and movement is the result of social, cultural and economic factors that one of them is entrance of modern facilities and on top of them is communication foundation. These changes are developing more in rural areas where has become an urban rather than other place so that it can be named “urbanization of a village”.