Coinage System and Exchange in the Ilkhanate Era.

The most important foundations of the coinage system and exchanges in the Ilkhanate era were metal coins including gold, silver and copper. In the short run, paper money or Banknotes also became popular. So, the system was Multi-metal. Until the Ghazan reforms, it did not follow a centralized policy. Each of the countries under the jurisdiction of the Ilkhanate had a special weight and carat. Generally, its most important feature in many times was coin fraud and weight loss. The economy of this era was based on money, and barter system of exchange did not have much place. The present article tries to recognize the status of the system of coinage and exchanges in the Ilkhanate era, its most important features, its efficiency and ineffectiveness based on its effective factors.