Review the concept of thought and action in Iran

In field theory, one of the most important science policy issues in Iranian society, the political implications of chaos. Dare to say, even in the most turbulent political science, the concept of "state" exists. The area is also one of the most practical obstacles hindering the development of civil society in Iran's modern history and the stability of the "differences" between "nation" and "state" is. The word "state" in ancient literature and the written and spoken language today we have a variety of applications. However, due to ambiguity in the language of contemporary legal and policy in this area is necessary to address this shortcoming and to clarify the concept of "state" as far as possible, to remedy. This in turn suggests the need to recognize the concept of "state" in middle and old age has political thought. Therefore, in this paper we attempt to illustrate the concept of "state" in the political thought of the Middle and old. In this paper, the method is applied to the discourse. Among all the theories of discourse, discourse theory Lakla and Mouffe special place. Hence they have a theory that has its roots in linguistics, culture, society and politics push. Lakla and Mouffe, discourse semantics system of this know and articulate the three concepts, hegemony and emphasize the otherness of. The present study attempts to use the components Lakla and Mouffe's theory of discourse, to recognize the concept of "state" in the political thought of the Middle and old (pre-Safavie) pay.