The study of genetic variation in Lolium multiflorum using ISSR molecular marker and karyotype traits

The genetic variation was studied for 13 genotypes of Lolium multiflorum using molecular and cytogenetical markers. karyotype were prepared for 5 metaphases cells in each genotype. The studying genotypes had an asymmetry karyotype and variation was significant between genotypes for karyotypic characters. The results of compare means showed that the diploid genotypes had an average chromosome length more than tetraploid genotypes. The tetraploid genotypes had the intrachromosomal asymmetry more than diploid genotypes. Karyotypic evolution for L. multiflorum was more from intrachromosomal asymmetry, considering studied genotypes and intrachromosomal asymmetry increased by development of ploidy level. The genotypes of 390, 374, vi and plc had the most karyotypic evolution and the genotypes of 1624 and 1765 had the lowest karyotypic evolution. Genetic variations for studying genotypes were surveyed using 12 ISSR primers, that the number of nine primers can be scored. The ISSR primers can be produced the number of 66 bands, which the polymorphisms were showed for the number of 56 bands. The primers of IS9 and IS12 showed the highest number of band (10 bands) and IS15 showed the lowest number of band (3 bands). A desirable polymorphism between genotype observed based on ISSR markers, which the primers of IS9, IS10, IS13, IS14 and IS16 were determined for genetic variation study in Lolium multiflorum as desirable primers. The tetraploid and diploid genotypes separated based on surveyed primers. The diploid genotypes of 393 and 374" merely were grouping with tetraploid genotypes. Grouping of genotypes based on markers don’t agreement with geographical origin of genotypes.