Study of the antimicrobial effect of Amikacin encapsulated in Mesoporous Silica nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Amikacin, as an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is prescribed against a broad spectrum of bacteria. Limiting the use of this medicine includes the risk of microbial resistance, toxicity and short half-life in the body. One strategy to overcome the problem is the use of nanotechnology which can help to development of medicine delivery systems. This study was done in 2015 to assess the ability of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in improving the traditional formulation of amikacin.
SBA-15 was synthesized using hydrothermal method. The kinetics of medicine release from carriers, was investigated at 37 °C. The antimicrobial activity of formulations was conducted by disk diffusion method and broth dilution test on samples of bacteria.
Nanoparticles SBA-15 with a hexagonal arrangement and pore diameter of 5 -100 nm, were able to encapsulation 47% of Amikacin. The kinetics of medicine release from the carrier at pH (5, 7.4and 8.9) showed that in the first 24 hours, respectively, 10, 34.54 and 69% amikacin was released from the carriers. The rate of MIC of native amikacin and amikacin@SBA-15 of S. aureus were respectively, 1.66, 13.29 μg/mL and for P. aeruginosa were respectively 3.32, 26.59 μg/mL.
The results confirmed the stability of the encapsulated amikacin and high capacity SBA-15 to control the medicine release in the acidic environment of the stomach to the intestinal alkaline that made hopes to provide oral formulation of the medicine.