The Evaluation of the Economic, Political and Religious Factors in the Development of Kermanshah in Qajar Era Based on Historical and Archeological Evidence

Political, religious and economic factors play an important role in the development and creation of various species of architecture and urban elements in a certain time. Development and prosperity of the city of Kermanshah as an important city for central government in the Qajar era began with the reign of Mohammad Ali Mirza Dolatshah and completed by his son Emad al Doleh. According to the writings of travelers and historians in this period, prosperity of Kermanshah is the result of appropriate measures taken by these Qajarian princes. This issue indicates the importance of the subject, and since so far there has been no comprehensive study on the development of Kermanshah during the Qajar era, this research intends to study economic, political and religious factors in this context. The results show that locating the organized structure of the Bazzar, the governmental citadel, Jameh Mosque as well as the main square of the city beside each other, and in association with the adjacent neighborhoods, formed the main elements of the city of Kermanshah in Qajar era. In the meantime, the role of the Bazzar and customs office as the most important factor in the development of the city is so essential in comparison to other factors. In addition to the aforementioned political and economic factors, mosques, Takaya and the road for holy shrines had an important role in forming neighborhoods and strengthening their relationships with the Bazzar and governmental citadel. Other factors such as Abshooran River, mountains in north and south of the city and vast plains in east and west, have been effective in the development of the city of Kermanshah in Qajar era.