A Comparative Study of the Problem of Mind from the Point of View of Descartes, Leibnitz, Mulla Sadra and Some Current Approaches in Cognitive Sciences

In this paper we focus on the similarities between philosophical views of Descartes, Leibnitz, Mulla Sadra, on the one hand, and some current approaches in cognitive sciences, on the other hand, concerning the problem of mind. Although the results of this study indicates that these three philosophers have a depth philosophic and metaphysical vision, the very depth vision has been a starting point for the development of scientific explanation of mind. The differences between philosophers and scientists are their methods of study which in cognitive science we are concern with mental and cognitive modeling. For the philosophers such kind of modeling is based on deductive approaches, whereas for the scientists such modeling is based upon inductive or scientific method. The Leibnizian monadic models and the structural model of Mulla Sadra of nature of Being would be taken into consideration, then we can conclude that it has a close and similar to that of hierarchical structure of knowledge in connectionism.