Construction and Validation the Psychological Capital Scale and its relation to Psychological Well-being

Context: One of ways to prevent mental and behavioral problems, improving psychological capital is composed of four structures hope, optimism, resilience and self-efficacy.
Aim: This study aims to construct and validate the scale of psychological capital for public Areas use and its relation to psychological well-being.
The research method is correlation, with the statistical population composed of all married people in Tehran, out of whom 520 individuals were selected using the multistep method. The employed scales include the researcher-developed 66-item scale, Luthans 24-item Scale of Psychological Capital (2007), and Ryff psychological Well-being 18-Item Short Form (1995). For the purpose of data analyses, IRT and first- and second-order confirmatory factor analysis were adopted. In order to carry out IRT, the hypotheses of one-dimensionality and local independence were tested and measured by means of VSS, MAP and exploratory factor analysis. Then, five factors namely hopefulness, self efficacy, positive optimism, negative optimism, and resiliency were extracted by means of the first-order confirmatory factor analysis and model fit. In order to investigate whether these five factors were derived from a larger factor, i.e. psychological capital, or not, the second-order factor analysis was used. In order to measure the reliability, internal consistency was adopted as Cronbach's alpha and theta ordinal.
As a result of such analyses, the researcher-developed 66-item questionnaire was changed to the 44-item scale. the scale had highly and acceptably reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha = 0.945 and theta = 0.952) and Measuring convergent validity¡ the foregoing questionnaire is in positive¡ significant relation to Luthans Scale and Furthermore, a positive, significant relation was found between psychological well-being scale and its corresponding six factors.
The results suggest that the researcher-developed scale is adequately reliable and valid for the purpose of measuring this construct in various social areas and fields.