Survey of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection

Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a major threat in the hospital environment is the most frequently isolated Gram-negative organism in wound infections, pneumonia, urogenital sepsis, and severe burns. One of the most worrying characteristics of this bacterium is its low antibiotic susceptibility. Additionally, P. aeruginosa has an innate ability to adhere to surface and form biofilms particularly difficult to eradicate. Biofilm formation is an important bacterial survival strategy. In humans, biofilms are responsible for numerous pathologies usually associated with use of medical devices and antimicrobial activity. Current study is aimed to evaluate the biofilm formation potency and antimicrobial activity among P. aeruginosa isolated from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI).
Urine related isolates detected by biochemical tests such as OF, SIM, TSI and Oxidase. Susceptibility test done based on Kirby Bauer method and antibiotics were selected based on CLSI. Biofilm formation assay done by Microplate method and finally read at 495 n.m. Results analyzed by t-student method on SPSS-software version19.
81 P.aeruginosa isolates collected form UTI samples. Resistance pattern for Tobramycin (Tob), Imipenem (Imp), Gentamicin (GM), Piperacillin (Pip), Ceftazidime (Caz), Cefoxitin (CF), Ciprofloxacin (Cip) were 23.45%, 6.17%, 24.69%, 11.11%, 21%, 75.3% and 23.45%. Additionally, 25.93% isolates had no potential to form biofilm but 5.185%, 17.6% and 16.06% were (Weakness), (Moderate) and potency (Strength).
Our finding indicates 74.08% isolates had ability to form biofilm and 16.06% isolates form biofilm straightly. Most antimicrobial resistance were observed against GM and CF. Moreover, In addition to the genetic elements, biofilm formation can be considered one of the main reasons for resistance to antibiotics.