The investigation of lipoprotein lipase role in cardiovascular disease

Lipoprotein lipase is one of the most important enzymes associated with control plasma lipids. Triacylglycerol, LDL and chylomicrons are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Many factors involved in control the activity of this enzyme such as ApoCI, ApoCII, ApoCIII, ApoA5, ApoE, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL5. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the studies that have assessed the roles of lipoprotein lipase enzyme.
All articles which had keywords LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase) in their text at PubMed and ISI databases were searched. Then, the relevant parts of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase were evaluated and in total 42 articles were analyzed.
GPIHBP1 acts as carriers of LPL protein in endothelial cells and the absence of this protein will cause a sharp increase in TG. It seems that LPL play an important role in limiting the expression of genes involved in inflammation and atherosclerotic signals and performing this through the expression of specific microRNAs called the miR-29a. SorLA is an intracellular and intercellular mediators which is expressed at high levels throughout the brain and can be connected to LPL with a high combinator affinity. Disruption of this mechanism leads to overeating and obesity. Also, Angiopoietin-like Protein (Angptl) can alter active mode of LPL to inactive.
The results showed that the enzyme lipoprotein lipase is one of the important enzymes associated with cardiovascular disease and controling the activity of this enzyme to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease has considerable importance. In addition, many factors can be involved in controlling the activity of this enzyme.