Current Situation of Groundwater Resources and Agricultural Users Role in Sustainable Use of them (Case Study: Malayer and Kabodar-Ahang Plains)

Due to low rainfall and unplanned distribution of time and space, Iran has insufficient surface water resources and the agricultural sector is largely dependent on groundwater. This issue, along with other technical, economic, cultural and legal issues, has caused the country's plains to be overrun in recent years and have been hit by a stagnant level and the resulting consequences of it. If quantitative and qualitative destructive effects are evaluated and quantitatively measured, then these water resources are used optimally and with proper planning based on the type and amount of complications, suitable strategies for dealing with them will be identified. In this research, the quantitative and qualitative changes of groundwater resources in the Kabodar-Ahang and Malayer plains, which are located in the sub-basins of Ghareh-Chay and Gamasiab in Hamedan province, have been investigated. For this purpose, the balance of groundwater resources, volatility of water table, salinity changes, variations in Qanats and springs, were analyzed from 1994 to 2007, and then the various complications were observed in the region. According to the results, the complications due to unauthorized withdrawals in Kabodar-Ahang and Malayer plains, respectively, include the creation of 77.8- and 61.3-million cubic meters of negative balance in the year 2005-2006, the average annual drop in water table of 1.6 and 1 M, 35.7 and 52.7% decrease in discharge volume, 75% decrease in the number of Qanats and drying of a lot of wells and Qantas. Also, other complications have caused the land to land at several points in the Kabodar-Ahang plain with an average depth of 15 m, ascending and 30% increase in silt, and an increase of 20% in urban migration. Based on this existing situation and its causes, there are some solutions that some of them are policy-making and implementation issues by government agencies, while others can be done through the. Among the effective activities that can be done by the users to improve their economic situation and protect water resources for optimal use of water resources include: 1. Activities that reduce the need for pumping water from the well, 2- Activities that prevent the pollution of groundwater resources, and (3) activities that increase production without increasing water consumption.