Ceftazidime Loading on Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA): Release Kinetic and Enhanced Antimicrobial Effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections. This study was planned to produce a new antimicrobial complex (ceftazidime loaded EDTA) and assess its release kinetic and antimicrobial effects on P. aeruginosa.
The loading of ceftazidime on EDTA was performed and confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. The evaluation of drug release was performed by using dialyze method at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after ceftazidime loading on EDTA. The antimicrobial effect of the new drug on P. aeruginosa was investigated by macrodilution and well diffusion methods.
FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated ceftazidime loading on EDTA about 26.01 mol%. Evaluation of ceftazidime release indicated a gradual rise in drug release up to 8 h reaching 96% after 72 h. Well diffusion assay demonstrated an enhanced antimicrobial effect of ceftazidime after loading on EDTA in comparison with ceftazidime alone. MIC and MBC of ceftazidime alone determined 2 and 4 µg/ml, respectively. MIC of the new antimicrobial complex was 0.5 µg/ml and its MBC was 1 µg/ml signifying the enhancement effect of EDTA on antibacterial activity of ceftazidime.
Our results showed that EDTA is potentially advantageous in controlling the release of ceftazidime as well as enhancing its antimicrobial effect against P. aeruginosa.