Approach to the Results of Science and Technology Policy in Iran, Based on the Analysis of Upstream Documents

Generally, macro policies and development based on these policies in Iran have been around for decades. But in particular, science and technology policy has a history of about two decades. For the first time in the third development plan, a separate section was devoted to the development of science and technology. Over the years, several supreme governing documents in the field of science and technology such as (Visions 1404, National comprehensive scientific map, and Science and technology policies announced by the Supreme Leader) have been elaborated. After over two decades of policy making, unfortunately, the results and outcomes are different from what was expected. The Iranian scientific rank and some other related indicators are evidence of this claim. Considering the nature and outcome this study is a practical one which had done by quantitative and qualitative content analysis of governing documents in the field of science and technology policy. In this study, the theoretical principles related to the subject have been examined and the components of policy instruments identified. Then by analyzing the content of supreme governing documents in the field of science and technology the relationship between the type of policy making and the outcomes has been identified. The findings show that policies lack strategic coherence and strategic vision. As a result, we are seeing imbalances in supply and demand.