The Evaluation of the Narrations of the Theory of Providence in: Had there been other deities in the heavens and the earth besides God, both the heavens and the earth would have been destroyed

The verse 22 of Sura AL-ANBIYA: “Had there been other deities in the heavens and the earth besides God, both the heavens and the earth would have been destroyed” is considered by the commentators, theologians, and philosophers of the denominations to be one of the rational and transcendental proofs to prove unity that serves as an example of the link between reason and religion. The analogy in the verse is an exceptional analogy in which with modus tollens the modus ponens is resulted. The controversy of the scholars is in the revelation of the verse in the expression of the coexistence in the first part of the analogy (Had there been other deities in the heavens and the earth besides God, both the heavens and the earth would have been destroyed); therefore different narrations are available on this argument. According to the fourth narration since any effect exists due to its cause and has a reason, if two or more causes are assumed along together in the universe, their effects will be dependent on their own cause and have no dependence on the other reason. In this case, the multiplicity of deities requires multiple and non-interconnected systems that are in conflict with the existing unit system of the world in which the connection between its phenomena is evident. This narration is more consistent with the appearance of the verse and the negation of the polytheists’ belief in the adoption of a master for the guidance of the world while believing in the Creator’ unity and considering the bilateral relationship between Robubi (deity) unity and divine unity it is considered as a proof based on Robubi (deity) unity and divine unity.