Molecular analysis of CTX-M genes among ESBL producing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples by Multiplex-PCR

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens involved in hospital infections, which today has been considered for resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. The causes of drug resistance in P.aeruginosa isolates are the production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of CTX-M1, CTX-M2, CTX-M3 genes in P.aeruginosa isolated from Hospitals and health centers in Marand city, East Azarbijan.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were collected from different samples of patients referring to hospitals and clinics of Marand city during one year from October 2016 to October 2017 and after determining the phenotypic identity and antibiogram test, the double-disk test of ESBLs phenotype was evaluated in P.aeruginosa bacteria. Then bacterial DNA was extracted and evaluated by PCR method using specific primers for CTX-M1,CTX-M2 and CTX-M3 genes.
The findings showed of the 85 Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, the highest resistance was to amikacin antibiotics (82.35%), nalidixic acid (80%) and ceftazidime (72.94%), and the highest susceptibility was observed to ampicillin(38.82%) and cefotaxime (38.82%) %). There was no significant relationship between age, sex, and P.aeruginosa infections (P> 0.05). The highest gene frequencies of ESBLs are related to the genes of CTX-M1 (29 samples), CTX-M2 (24 samples) and CTX-M3 (11 samples), respectively.
The studied genes in this research were all on the chromosome of P.aeruginosa bacteria. Therefore, further examination of ESBL genes such as the CTX-M1 gene seems necessary to control this bacterium.