Comparison of frequency of cesarean section and its causes before and after implementation of the health system reform plan in Jahrom, Jahrom, Iran

The seventh instruction of the Health System Reform Plan has been implemented since May 05, 2014 due to promoting natural delivery and declining unnecessary caesarean rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the caesarean section rate and its reasons before and after the implementation of the Health System Reform Plan.
The present study is a descriptive study and existing data analyzes, the data were collected by using questionnaire, checklist, and interview. To do so, 1240 samples were systematically selected based on file number from May 05, 2014 to May 06, 2015. The data were analyzed by using Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Chi-square, Pearson, and Cramer.
The caesarean section rate in the group before the implementation of the Health System Reform Plan was 47.57%, but this rate in the group after the implementation was 38.70%. Accordingly, there was a significant difference between these two groups (p=0.02). The two groups had a significant difference in the causes of elective cesarean section (p=0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the causes of emergency cesarean section (p=0.08). After the implementation of the Health System Reform Plan, no case of selective cesarean section has been performed (p=0.01).
According to the results of the study (8.87% reduction in cesarean section) the plan for the reform of the health system in the first year after the implementation has been successful in achieving its specific goal.