Simulating the effect of monetary, fiscal and oil policies on food and non-food consumption: A DSGE Approach

Developing countries are characterized by a large agricultural sector in their economy. So that food prices and consumption are more sensitive in these countries. Shocks in these countries are very costly given the subsistence needs of the population. Applying various monetary and fiscal policies could lead to major changes in food prices and hence food intake. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of monetary, fiscal and oil shocks on food prices and consumption in Iran. To do so, we have developed a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model for a small open oil exporting country. Calibration method was used to determine the Parameters values. The results of the simulation confirmed the validity of the model in explaining economic fluctuations. The findings indicate that the shocks have a positive effect on the food consumption. Furthermore, the results show the monetary shocks have greater influences than other shocks.