Security, Disciplinary, and Economic Situation in the Eastern Border of Islamic Iran (Khorasan) On the eve of Seljuks Arrival

The central government of Ghazni, despite the powerful empire, faced many problems at the end of its rule in Khorasan, and the danger of the Seljuk Turks being present for Ghaznavids was a very significant threat. The study of security, disciplinary, and economic dimensions of cities, including Khorasan, which is one of the central issues in history, is important in this period.Ghaznavids were unsuccessful in adapting their policies to the economic and political interests of Khorasan.The heavy cost of the Ghaznavi court caused extortion of huge sums of money from the peasant and confiscation of wealthyby the Ghaznavi tax collectors.On the other hand, the presence of pressure groups in the plains of the Transoxiana, which sought to reach suitable pasture lands and escape the looting of the Ghazans, placed Khorasan in their desires.Thenumerousbattles between the Ghaznavids and the Seljuks made Khorasan a ruin.The conditions of security, climate, environment, and geography of Khorasan were effective in defeating the Ghaznavids from the Seljuks. Famine, dehydration, the preferential attitude of merchants and landowners of Khorasan to the policies of the Ghaznavid government were one of the main factors in the defeat of Ghaznavids in the Battle of Dandanaqan.