Spatial Pattern and Interaction Analysis of Quercus Brantii Lindl. and Pistacia Atlantica Desf. in Qalajeh Forests of Kermanshah using K2 Function

Quercus brantii Lindl. and Pistacia atlantica Desf. are the most important tree species in Zagros forests, The abundant use of these trees by the inhabitants of the area has led to a reduction in the quality and quantity of these valuable species, as well as the creation of heterogeneous masses.Recognizing the spatial pattern and the interactions of trees can be a key to managerial interventions for the conservation, restoration and development of forests,On the other hand, the continued involvement of Zagros inhabitants in forest areas has created many heterogeneous areas that make it necessary to recognize these areas in order to manage them in order to reduce the impact of human intervention. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the spatial pattern and interactions of Quercus brantii Lindl. and Pistacia atlantica Desf. in heterogeneous masses of Zagros forests. For this purpose, an heterogeneous area of 30 hectares was selected in Kermanshah Qalajeh forests and fully was inventoried, A point map of Quercus brantii Lindl. trees and Pistacia atlantica Desf. in the study area was prepared using a distance-azimuth method. In this study, the spatial pattern and interaction of trees was analyzed using univariate and bivariate K2 function. The results of this study showed that Quercus brantii Lindl. trees and Pistacia atlantica Desf. are 85.6% and 9.7% of the trees in the studied area and have a mixed pattern. Spatial pattern of Quercus brantii Lindl. and Pistacia atlantica Desf. changes from clumped to random and from random to uniform with increasing of distance, respectively. Analysis of K2 bivariate function showed attraction in distances of less than 8 meters and the non-interaction of species in other distances.