Probing the Biological evaluations of a new designed Palladium (II) complex using spectroscopic and theoretical approaches: Human Hemoglobin as a Target

Previous studies reported that Palladium (Pd)(II) drug compounds showed significant anti-tumor activity in comparison with cis-platin. In this study, we investigated the biological evaluations of a designed Pd (II) complexes (bi pyridine ethyl dithiocarbamate palladium II nitrate) via its anti-proliferative effects on the alterations in the function and structure of human hemoglobin (Hb) at different temperatures of 25 and 37°. Also for further investigation, multi-spectroscopic methods such as fluorescence and the far-UV circular dichroism (CD) with hemoglobin target were assessed. Fluorescence data showed the pure ability of Pd(II) complex to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of Hb. The binding constant, number of binding sites, and thermodynamic parameters at two temperatures were assessed and the results demonstrated the major possibility of occurring electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions in the Pd (II) complex–Hb interaction. For evaluating the change of secondary structure of Hb upon interaction with various concentrations of complex, far-UV CD spectra was applied and it was observed that in high dose of complex, significant changes occurred which is indicative of some side effects in overdosing of this complex. Our results suggested that using palladium complex as an anticancer agent might cause some disorders in structure and function of Hb as well as improve understanding of the side effects of newly designed metal anticancer drugs.