Induction of programmed cell death by “Retinoic acid, Formylindolo (3, 2-b) carbazole”-enhanced monoclonal antibody against CD44 in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells patients.

Aim and Background: The aim of this study was to enhance the synergistic effect of the "RA-FICZ" by adding anti CD44 monoclonal antibody (mAb), to induce myeloid differentiation and apoptosis in three patients with APL. The anti-CD44 antibody concentrations of 5 to 25 μg/ml prepared and added to "RA-FICZ" complex and Isolated Cells from Patients.The antibody optimum concentration was determined then neutrophil maturation, apoptosis and expression of CD14 and CD11b were analyzed by flow cytometry. Adding the different concentrations of CD44 mAb against CD44 improved the ability of promyelocytes differentiation and led to increased expression of CD11b and CD14 antigens more than two times. The apoptotic rate increased up to 66%. Additional studies and work on the animal models can lead to a reduction even elimination of the chemotherapy. This triple combination" can be candidate as a novel differentiation-inducing therapy in APL cells.