Investigating the climate impact on chemical quality of Varamin plain aquifer using the GIS software

Climate change in recent years has led to a crisis of drought in many countries around the world, including Iran. In such a situation, the supply of safe drinking water is very important and knowing the climate impacts on the chemical quality of these resources can play a significant role in their proper exploitation.

Using GIS geomorphology models, the effect of climatic factors including minimum and maximum temperatures, mean precipitation, evaporation, transpiration and vegetation index on the quality of groundwater resources of Varamin Plain include pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, anions and cations concentrations and total hardness were studied and their maps were produced. Correlation between these factors was investigated using spatial correlation analysis tool at a confidence level of 0.95 (p = 0.05).

The results showed that these parameters (except pH) along the plain are highly variable and the spatial distribution of data in this region is not normal around the mean, and the frequency of pixels with values ​​less than the spatial mean of the region is higher. Spatial distribution of the factors showed that their amounts (except pH) are low in the central area of ​​the plain and reach its peak in the western and northwest regions. The spatial distribution of pH was almost uniform in all the plain.

Correlation analysis showed that the quality of water resources is influenced by climatic factors and the maximum temperature has the highest impact