Cytotoxic effect of Seed essential Oil of Zizyphus jujube on K562 leukemia cell line

Essential oils are complex mixtures of several components endowed with a wide range of biological activities, including anticancer properties. Due to the side effects and the resistance of synthetic drugs, plant products are considered for the treatment of cancer. This study is performed the effect of cytotoxicity of essential oil from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba (EOSZ) on K562 cell line as a model of chronic myeloid leukemia. In this study, the seeds of Z. jujube were collected from the Isfahan city, and essential oils were extracted by Clevenger apparatus and then the combination by gas chromatography and spectrophotometry were identified. K562 cells were cultured and treated with concentrations of essential oils of 1 to 900 micrograms per milliliter (in 24h, 48h, and 72h). Cytotoxicity of essential oil from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba (EOSZ) against K562 leukemia cells was estimated by the MTT assay. The absorbance was measured using ELISA plate reader (540 nm) were measured. Then the data were analyzed with the computer software SPSS version 15. 0 (SPSS Inc. , Chicago, USA), t. test and ANOVA. 24 compounds were identified in the essential oil, the main component of which was Eugenol. Essential oil from the seeds of Zizyphus jujuba (EOSZ), the highest cytotoxic effect in LC50 = 200 micrograms per milliliter and 72 hours after treatment. In other words, the seed essential oil from Zizyphus jujuba (EOSZ) expresses the effects of cellular toxicity on k562 cells, depending on the dose and time. Considering the toxicity of seed essential oil from Zizyphus jujuba (EOSZ), seed essential oil from Zizyphus jujubacan be considered a Potential candidate for further CML studies, and other cancer cells.