Analytical Review of the Mourning Ceremony of Imam Hussein from the Perception of the European Travelogues in Safavid Era and Its Impact on the Victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran

Safavid history has had a great influence on the promotion of Shiite beliefs, especially the mourning of Imam Hussein. Regarding the religious policy of the state, Imam Hussein's mourning ceremony was very magnificent and freely held. The main goal of the study is to recognize the ceremony from the point of view of European observers and as a result, its impact on the Islamic revolution. The main questions are, ‘How the mourning ceremony of Imam Hussein was reflected in the itineraries of the European tourists of Safavid era and what was their view? What impacts have had in our revolution?’ By examining the itineraries of the Safavid Europeans, which have deduced from their atheistic spirit and materialism, we can conclude that Imam Hussein's mourning ceremony in Safavid era grew with the support of the Safavid government and was also mixed with non-religious and superstitious traditions. It became a religious figure. Creating solidarity and continuity of religious culture, social consensus, socialization and restoring religious identity are some of the important functions of this event.