Review Transit in the Rail Transportation Sector of Iran Using the Gravity Model

Rail transportation is seen every bit unitary of the bulk transport modes along with valuable advantages such as Economic savings in fuel consumption, reducing air pollution and approaching environmental standards the importance of this piece of the transportation has increased and the continuation and development of the rail transportation sector has passed in the country. And proper and timely utilization of this section it can also make the necessary investment in transit, the rail transportation sector of the country is effective. The main purpose of this research using panel data econometric technique on Investigative demand for transit in Iran's rail transport sector and estimating demand function using the gravity model. In the estimated model, five variables are considered:1- The amount of transit goods transported on the railways of the country, 2- Tariff Transit Rate in Rail Transport, 3- Time transportation of transit cargo in the rail transport sector, 4- Gross domestic product (GDP) of Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, 5- Geographic distance between Iran and these selected countries: Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Furthermore In this paper, the effects of shocks of variables on the amount of goods transported in the rail transport sector, Tariff Rate, Shipping Time, GDP Countries Studied and Geographic distance between these countries over time been investigated. The results of the estimation show that the variable tariff rate is statistically Meaningful and its coefficient is 0.27. The time variable also has a coefficient of 1.27 has been meaningful. Both of these variables produce results as expected and express with a one percent increase in tariff rates and transit time, the transit demand in the rail transport sector is reduced by 0.27% and 1.27%. A direct and meaningful relationship with a coefficient of 0.24 Gross domestic products of Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, There is a demand for transit in the rail transport sector of Iran. Also, the results of the geographic distance variable states that  There is a negative and significant relationship with the coefficient of 15.73 Geographical distances of the countries surveyed And Transit request In the rail transportation sector of the country are exist.