Identification Callista umbonella (bivalve:Veneridae) emphasis on morphology and molecular studies

The present study investigated the biodiversity of Nayband beach by using molecular and morphological studies. For this purpose, samples were taken from dominant bivalvia in sandy shores of Bushehr, Nayband in April 2016. To record morphological features such as shell shape, decorating on the shells, umbo shape, position,numbers and shape of valve teeth was photographed. For molecular studies, DNA was extracted by using CTAB method and mitochondrial Cytochrome oxidase subunit gene segment (COI) was PCR and sequenced. results of morphological identification showed that all the samples are most likely belong to Callista genus, C.umbonella Species and from the Veneridae families. But sample NI9, the blast of sequences from sample present study showed the highest percentage of similarity with Turtonia minuta (DQ184850) from Veneridae family. however, the sample NI9 is most closely resembles with Costacallista impar species (DQ184808) species showed that this species is also belongs to Veneridae family. phylogenetic trees and alignment of these sequences in the gene bank was only able to prove their belonging to the veneridae family. results evolutionary tree topology for all three analyzes (Maximum parsimony, Maximum likelihood,) per 17 sequences showed that the nucleotide sequence of the COI gene, in all samples that presented as one species, are not the same. although, there were very similar morphology in the samples, the genetic differences among trees drawn between these samples revealed that it should be considered the possibility of creating new species and further studies and more detailed studies of morphology and molecular markers presented more decisive idea.