Relationship between personality and close and open spaces, and formation of novel space: A case study of 'Hāmil al-warda al-orjowānyya'

The novel, forms as a structure of narrative elements that makes it coherent. The place is one of these elements. It is enumerated by some people as the corner-stone of novel. Other critics consider it as a secondary element, serves other elements such as time and personality. This research studies the place and its effect on personality in 'Hāmil al-warda al-orjowānyya' by Lebanese writer 'antwan al-dowaihi'. One of the purposes of this research is to explain how 'novels space' forms from transposition and movement of characters in place, and from irony (contrast and tension) between them. The main reason to choose this novel as the case is that it includes compact place signs such as prison. This research is planned to expound the concept of 'novels space' and how it forms. The method of this research is structuralism genetic. Of the most important results of this research is that novel revealed irony (contrast and tension) of place, so that it has effected the personality, as if there is mutual influence between them which causes the formation of the main space manifestation of the novel in suppression and freedom.