Effects of Minimum and Conventional Tillage Systems on Nitrogen and Water Consumption of Wheat

This research aimed In order to investigated the effects of minimum and conventional tillage systems on the nitrogen and water consumption of wheat., Bby using a split-block design and implementing two single- line- source sprinkler systems, effects of four levels of 0, 90, 135, and 180 kgN.ha-1 as from urea source and four levels of irrigation water (4610, 4240, 3850 and 3395 m3.ha-1), was studied in theseunder conventional and minimum tillage systems, was studied. The results showed that, in both of two tillage systems, by reduceding water consumption, the Nonumber. of spikes. in m-1, grain yield, and wheat nitrogen uptake decreased significantly. In conventional tillage system, grain yield, grain yield components, and nitrogen uptake increased by nitrogen application, until 180 kgN.ha-1 levels; but in minimum tillage system, these parameters increased until 135 kgN.ha-1 and decreased in at 180 kg N.ha-1 level. The results showed that the amounts values of the studied parameters in conventional system were higher than the minimum tillage system, but, but except the No.number of spiklet. in m-1 2 and amounts of grain protein, there were no differencess between the two tillage systems. The results also showed that, in both tillage systems, the heighest water use efficiency (WUE, (1.85 kg.m-3) was obtained from combined application of 135 kgN.ha-1 and 6700 m3.ha-1 irrigation water. but However, the highest grain yield in conventional tillage system (8226 kg.ha-1) was obtained from combined application of 4610 m3.ha-1 of irrigation water and 180 kg.ha-1 nitrogen, with by water use efficiencyWUE of 1.85 kg.m-3. and iIn minimum tillage system, the highest grain yield (8378 kg.ha-1) was obtained from combined application of 3850 m3.ha-1 of irrigation water and 135 kg.ha-1 nitrogen, with by water use efficiencyWUE of 1.79 kg.m-3. In other words, in the minimum tillage system, by using less water and nitrogen, a similar yield similar than to the conventional tillage was obtained.