Review of biochemical biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases with 11 million deaths annually are the leading cause of disability and death in the world. According to the World Health Organization, in 2016, 15.2 million of 56.9 deaths worldwide are related to ischemic heart disease. The incidence and incidence of cardiovascular disease in the Middle East region is reported more than in the rest of the world. The rate of mortality from cardiovascular disease in the Middle East is projected to increase by 171% from 1990 to 2020. The aim of this study is to investigate biomarkers (measurable biological signs) in a patient's heart that is timely diagnosed The cause of the disease and the referral of the patient helps the clinic. In this study, 53 sources that have been published between 1983 and 2018 in relation to cardiovascular diseases and related biomarkers have been used. These resources are used to search for key words of cardiovascular disease, cardiac biomarkers, cardiovascular inflammation and heart failure in the Pubmed, Google's databases. scholar, Uptodate, Elsevier. Based on available findings, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP, Cardiac Troponins I, T, and C-reactive protein) was used for differential diagnosis of cardiac failure, myocardial damage, and cardiovascular and cardiovascular infections, respectively. Biomarkers Soluble source of The tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) are also useful for the diagnosis of cardiac fibrosis and cardiac hypertrophy. Of course, the next generation of biomarkers, including sST2, GDF-15, Gal-3 and miRNAs, still did not find clinical good position.